Lead Pipe Map

The 100 U.S. water systems with the most lead service lines

Chicago reported 360,857 lead and galvanized-requiring-replacement service lines, more than any other U.S. water system. The top 10 systems alone account for 973,538 lines, or 31% of all confirmed lead and galvanized lines in the country.

Rank / water systemLeadGalv.Unknown% leadPeople
1ChicagoCook County, IL350,53110,32639,42774%2,721,308
2Cleveland Public Water SystemCuyahoga County, OH144,19352856,95433%1,308,955
3New York City SystemNew York, NY120,9313,266124,91715%8,271,000
4City of DetroitDetroit, MI80,59512039,07332%633,218
5Milwaukee WaterworksMilwaukee, WI65,331026,34141%626,000
6Citizens Water - IndianapolisIndianapolis, IN56,76619539,93515%880,345
7MinneapolisHennepin County, MN38,34113296238%425,300
8Cincinnati Public Water SystemHamilton County, OH34,673444515%800,000
9Buffalo Water AuthorityBuffalo, NY34,20811035,83945%276,000
10Columbus Public Water SystemFranklin County, OH25,1558,09365,26612%1,309,468
11City of Fort WorthTarrant County, TX032,590011%955,900
12South Bend Water WorksSouth Bend, IN27,0011,03710,57257%115,000
13City of ProvidenceCranston, RI25,78507,40232%333,142
14Metro Water ServicesNashville, TN2,81821,85576,18011%789,969
15Hammond Water Works DepartmentHammond, IN22,3807444,51882%78,384
16Kansas City PWSKansas City, MO022,95124,82713%553,295
17Elkhart Public Works and UtilitiesElkhart, IN19,7471,3381,29362%46,455
18Grand RapidsGrand Rapids, MI19,430039424%306,901
19Philadelphia Water DepartmentPhiladelphia County, PA16,8051,777351,5133.5%1,600,000
20Pittsburgh Water & Sewer AuthAllegheny County, PA16,1652,2502,36123%520,000
21Saint Paul Regional Water ServicesRamsey County, MN17,77246,08418%392,529
22Memphis Light, Gas, & WaterMemphis, TN17,022532164,5915.7%659,500
23Syracuse CitySyracuse, NY17,2394816,09845%192,000
24D.C. Water and Sewer AuthorityDistrict Of Columbia County, DC16,93519013,38812%632,323
25Denver Water BoardDenver County, CO15,82684834,0575.4%1,287,000
26Rochester CityRochester, NY14,6481,99216,14228%210,000
27City of HutchinsonHutchinson, KS016,5940100%39,712
28Trenton Water WorksEwing Twp., NJ15,73444623,00026%217,000
29AuroraAurora, IL16,06301632%183,000
30RockfordRockford, IL14,2401,08828,59828%147,051
31New Orleans Carrollton Water WorksOrleans Parish County, LA13,92749107,62211%334,903
32City of JacksonJackson, MS013,81622,80022%189,673
33CiceroCicero, IL13,03721,14887%83,000
34Water Works and Sewer Board of the City of GadsdenGadsden, AL812,496080%44,637
35Central Alabama WaterBirmingham, AL12,3501836,8395.3%653,322
36Metropolitan Utilities DistrictOmaha, NE11,7383332,5055.2%660,000
37Veolia Water New Jersey HackensackAlpine Boro, NJ11,5673164,1265.8%792,713
38Fort Wayne - 3 Rivers Filtration PlantFort Wayne, IN11,299475011%269,994
39IL American-PeoriaPeoria, IL11,00044224,30318%137,575
40Indiana American Water - NorthwestGary, IN10,83318336,48412%210,510
41BerwynBerwyn, IL10,52730117480%57,250
42Mo American St Louis St Charles CountiesSt. Charles County, MO9,4221,247191,3412.7%1,111,000
43Racine WaterworksRacine, WI10,257394131%105,100
44St Louis City PWSSt. Louis, MO9,99052564,3789.9%304,709
45Lca Allentown DivisionLehigh County, PA4,5525,83920,89432%118,000
46MuskegonMuskegon, MI7,6312,736072%37,213
47SouthgateSouthgate, MI1929,73566394%30,047
48Central Arkansas WaterPulaski County, AR09,8043,9535.7%368,455
49Water And Power Authority - STXSt. Croix Island County, VI09,740096%35,000
50Iowa-American WTR Co-DavenportDavenport, IA9,620815,95416%147,720
51Dayton Public Water SystemMontgomery County, OH8,588937015%141,407
52EvanstonEvanston, IL9,198270065%74,486
53City of ToledoLucas County, OH3,0536,37433,5138.1%360,000
54City of CamdenCamden City, NJ9,40102,92557%46,585
55Akron City PWSSummit County, OH1,6837,3895,49010%280,000
56Municipal Utilities Board of DecaturDecatur, AL18,882032%77,103
57Wauwatosa WaterworksWauwatosa, WI8,665065356%49,064
58City of Junction CityJunction City, KS08,41621697%19,167
59Jea Major GridJacksonville, FL08,36539,5561.9%826,664
60ElginElgin, IL8,22111,46524%114,797
61Des Moines Water WorksDes Moines, IA8,1141045,9509.0%246,055
62Veolia Water New York, INC. Rd-1Ardsley, NY8,008746,29025%146,732
63East Orange Water CommissionEast Orange City, NJ1,9696,000082%75,000
64JacksonJackson, MI7,84013,36063%33,165
65West Allis WaterworksWest Allis, WI7,719075840%63,240
66Oak ParkOak Park, IL6,9357141,22261%54,583
67WaukeganWaukegan, IL7,2606268635%87,149
68Water And Power Authority - STTSt. Thomas Island County, VI06,8160100%34,000
69Sandusky CityErie County, OH6,676501,83465%25,793
70Oshkosh WaterworksOshkosh, WI6,4712475,06730%63,000
71City of AnkenyAnkeny, IA6,6300023%76,207
72Altoona Water AuthorityBlair County, PA06,5988,68328%62,500
73DecaturDecatur, IL06,5351221%76,122
74Charleston Water System (Sc1010001)Charleston, SC6,504265,0644.8%278,771
75Pinellas County UtilitiesClearwater, FL06,47263,7895.6%506,353
76Mvwa - Mohawk Valley Water AuthorityDeerfield, NY6,4451933,58315%126,250
77SkokieSkokie, IL6,2221278,91036%66,422
78City of SaginawSaginaw, MI6,317073624%44,058
79Wildwood City Water DepartmentWildwood City, NJ06,232038%218,472
80Poughkeepsie CityPoughkeepsie, NY6,19801282%30,639
81Vineland Water & Sewer UtilityVineland City, NJ06,0807,27734%36,250
82PA Amer Water Co-PittsburghAllegheny County, PA4,2901,780207,1012.6%686,000
83City of WichitaWichita, KS166,01540,1643.6%395,699
84NJ American Water - RaritanElizabeth City- 2004, NJ4295,59076,7162.7%615,430
85Evergreen ParkEvergreen Park, IL5,93348084%19,943
86Elmwood ParkElmwood Park, IL5,8250091%25,000
87Hannibal PWSHannibal, MO5,77601,95651%17,108
88City of New Bedford DpiNew Bedford, MA5,67601422%101,079
89DuluthSt. Louis County, MN5,3822512,60920%86,859
90City of Wichita FallsWichita County, TX05,621016%101,915
91BloomingtonBloomington, IL5,52925,48217%79,000
92Sheboygan Water UtilitiesSheboygan, WI4,81146873632%49,931
93DearbornDearborn, MI5,27104,62516%109,976
94QuincyQuincy, IL5,223337029%42,000
95LansingLansing, IL5,18625670%29,076
96City of TopekaTopeka, KS2914,8933,1069.0%125,963
97Mount Vernon Water DepartmentMount Vernon, NY5,144124,92449%73,893
98Medford Water Dept. (Mwra)Medford, MA5,12824,65735%61,700
99MaywoodMaywood, IL5,0580080%24,090
100Ecwa DirectAmherst, NY2484,79815,3834.5%313,380

Ranked by lead plus galvanized-requiring-replacement lines. "% lead" is the share of each system's reported lines. Source: EPA SDWIS service line inventory, 2026 Q3.

Cite this list

Lead Pipe Map, "The 100 U.S. water systems with the most lead service lines," November 1, 2026, https://leadpipemap.com/rankings/most-lead-service-lines/. Data: EPA SDWIS service line inventory, 2026 Q3.

Journalists and researchers are welcome to use these figures with a link back.